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Rethinking Discipline: Building Resilience Through Restorative Practices

As educators, we’ve all had those moments when we’re at our wits’ end when a student disrupts the learning. It’s tempting to reach for the nearest behavior chart or send them to the principal’s office. After all, that’s how it’s been done for years, right? But what if there’s a better way—a way that doesn’t just stop the disruption in the moment but helps that student grow and learn in the long run?

Let’s face it: traditional discipline methods often miss the mark. Detentions, suspensions, color-coded charts, and point systems might seem like quick fixes, but they don’t address the underlying issues. Sometimes, they do more harm than good, especially for students who are already dealing with difficult situations outside of school.

So, what’s the alternative? Use a resilience-focused approach by implementing restorative practices—a kinder, more effective way to handle discipline that focuses on building connections, teaching empathy, and helping students learn from their mistakes.

Why Traditional Discipline Falls Short

Let’s think about it: when we “punish” a student for misbehaving or making a poor choice, what are we teaching them? That making mistakes leads to shame or isolation? That they’re “bad” for having a rough day? These messages don’t help our students; they make them feel worse. If we’re being honest with ourselves, that approach doesn’t work for us either when we make a mistake! And for kids who’ve experienced trauma, punitive measures can be especially damaging.

Traditional discipline often prioritizes control over care, focusing on compliance rather than understanding. We might get short-term results, but they’re only temporary, and we’re missing out on an opportunity to truly help our students grow. Plus, let’s be honest—these methods can make us feel like we’re constantly playing the role of “disciplinarian,” which isn’t why most of us became educators in the first place. How exhausting that can be!

The Power of Restorative Practices

Restorative practices turn discipline on its head. Instead of asking, “How do I punish this behavior?” we ask, “What is happening or has happened to this student?” “What universal needs are not being met?” “How do I help this student learn and grow from this experience?” It’s a subtle shift, a true mindset shift, but it makes all the difference.

Imagine this: A student disrupts class in a desperate attempt to meet their need for belonging by doing anything to make their peers laugh. Instead of reaching for the behavior chart, you take a breath, acknowledge their presence in the class, remind them of the agreed-upon norms for the class during learning time, and invite them to chat with you. During that chat (maybe before the class period ends or perhaps later that day during lunch), you ask what’s going on and listen—really listen—to their perspective. Maybe they’re feeling frustrated about something outside of school, feeling left out, or maybe they didn’t realize how their actions affected others. Together, you figure out a way to make things right.

This approach isn’t about letting kids off the hook. It’s about holding them accountable in a way that’s supportive rather than punitive. It teaches them problem-solving skills, empathy, and responsibility—skills that will serve them far beyond the classroom.

Making the Shift: Small Steps, Big Impact

Shifting from punitive discipline to a restorative approach might sound like a significant change, but it doesn’t have to happen overnight. Here are a few simple, effective strategies to get started:

  1. Get Curious About Who Your Students Are: Building strong relationships is the foundation of restorative practices. Take the time to learn about your students—their interests, challenges, and what makes them tick. Students are more likely to engage positively when they feel seen and valued.
  2. Create a Calming Space: Instead of a traditional time-out spot, designate a calm space in your classroom where students can go to regroup when they’re feeling overwhelmed. It’s a space for them to cool down and reflect, not to feel isolated or punished. This space is helpful for all students across all grade levels. Actually, it’s even great in a staff lounge for adults, too! Have fun and be creative with what to name it.
  3. Hold Restorative Circles: Restorative circles are a great way to build community and address conflicts in a supportive environment. They allow students to voice their feelings, listen to others, and work together to find solutions. And remember, they take practice!
  4. Teach Problem-Solving: Instead of handing down consequences or providing them with what you believe is the “right” thing to do, involve students in the process of figuring out how to make things right. Guide them through identifying the problem, understanding its impact, and devising a plan to repair the harm.
  5. Reflect on Your Approach: Take a moment to consider the discipline strategies you currently use. Are they genuinely helping your students learn and grow? If not, don’t be afraid to make changes. We’re all learning and evolving as educators, and trying something new is okay.

A New Way Forward

Rethinking discipline isn’t about letting go of structure or accountability—it’s about creating an environment where every student feels safe, supported, and capable of making better choices. By embracing restorative practices, we’re not just managing behavior; we’re nurturing resilience and building a stronger school community.

So, let’s take a step back from those old-school discipline methods and try something different. Our students deserve a chance to learn from their mistakes without feeling ashamed or excluded. And we, as educators, deserve the satisfaction of knowing that we’re genuinely helping our students grow into the best versions of themselves.

With a little patience, compassion, and a willingness to rethink how we approach discipline, we can create schools that aren’t just places of learning but spaces of healing and growth. Let’s make it happen—one conversation, one connection, and one restorative practice at a time.

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Transforming PBIS with the Circle of Courage

Close your eyes for just a moment and picture this: a school where every staff and student steps into a world of warmth and possibility, feeling truly seen and ready to thrive—this is the magic that happens when we weave Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) with a trauma-informed approach. As educators and educational leaders, our role is pivotal in fostering resilience, connection, and strength. With this vision in mind, let’s explore how we can enhance PBIS to align more with the Circle of Courage philosophy, thus embracing a trauma-informed lens.

The Circle of Courage: A Beacon of Hope

At the heart of this approach is the Circle of Courage, a framework rooted in every child’s four universal needs: Belonging, Mastery, Independence, and Generosity. This philosophy provides a rich tapestry on which we can weave the principles of PBIS, transforming our schools into sanctuaries of support and growth.

PBIS and Trauma-Informed Care: A Natural Harmony

Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) already incorporates elements that resonate with trauma-informed practices. PBIS emphasizes creating a safe and predictable environment, which aligns seamlessly with the need for Belonging. By establishing clear expectations and consistent routines, PBIS nurtures a sense of safety, a cornerstone for all children, especially any child who has faced trauma.

Furthermore, PBIS’s focus on teaching and reinforcing positive behaviors dovetails with the Circle of Courage’s emphasis on Mastery. When we teach students the skills they need to succeed, we’re not just imparting knowledge but fostering resilience and confidence.

Strategies to Enhance PBIS with a Trauma-Informed Lens

While PBIS is inherently supportive, there are several strategies we can adopt to make it even more aligned with the Circle of Courage, thus enhancing its trauma-informed nature:

1. Cultivate a Deep Sense of Belonging

The cornerstone of a trauma-informed PBIS approach is creating an environment where every student feels genuinely welcomed and valued. This means going beyond superficial gestures and embedding belonging into the fabric of daily interactions. Celebrate individual and collective achievements, create inclusive spaces where every voice is heard, and engage families as partners in this journey.

→ Inspiration to Ignite: Consider implementing “Belonging Circles,” where students and staff share stories and celebrate one another’s contributions. These moments not only build relationships but also reinforce that every member of the school community has a unique place and purpose.

2. Foster Mastery through Strengths-Based Feedback

Trauma-informed PBIS should focus on recognizing and building upon each student’s strengths. Implement a feedback system that highlights what students are doing well and provides opportunities for them to demonstrate their talents. Rather than merely correcting misbehavior, offer constructive guidance that empowers students to grow and achieve mastery in various areas.

→ Inspiration to Ignite: In practice, this could look like using “Strengths Spotlights,” where teachers regularly acknowledge and showcase student strengths in the classroom. This not only boosts individual confidence but also reinforces the notion that everyone has valuable contributions to make. (Hint: staff can also do this to acknowledge one another!)

3. Encourage Independence with Compassion

Independence is a vital component of the Circle of Courage, but it must be approached with sensitivity, particularly for students who have experienced trauma. Provide opportunities for students to make choices and take responsibility in a supportive environment. Empower them to set personal goals and reflect on their progress, while offering a safety net of support and encouragement.

→ Inspiration to Ignite: Implement “Choice Boards” in your classroom where students can select activities or projects that align with their interests and strengths. This approach fosters a sense of agency and self-direction while maintaining a supportive framework.

4. Promote Generosity through Community Building

Generosity, the final element of the Circle of Courage, can be deeply interwoven with PBIS by creating opportunities for students to engage in acts of kindness and service. Encourage collaborative projects, peer mentoring, and community service initiatives that allow students to give back and make a positive impact.

→ Inspiration to Ignite: Organize “Generosity Days” where students participate in acts of kindness within the school or the broader community. These experiences not only build empathy but also reinforce the value of contributing to the well-being of others.

5. Creating a Culture of Resilience

By enhancing PBIS with a trauma-informed lens, we’re not just improving a system but nurturing a culture of resilience, strength, and hope. Every interaction, every strategy, and every practice becomes a stepping stone towards building a more supportive and empowering environment for our students.

As educators and leaders, let us embrace this journey with open hearts and unwavering commitment. Let us infuse our PBIS practices with the warmth of compassion, the clarity of purpose, and the strength of resilience. Together, we can create a thriving educational ecosystem where every student feels they truly belong, can master their challenges, and are empowered to make a difference.

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Designing Trauma-Informed Classrooms: Creating Safe and Supportive Learning Environments

Picture this: you walk into a classroom that feels like a warm hug, where every corner whispers, “You belong here.” The walls aren’t just covered with posters but with reminders that every child is seen, heard, and supported. This is the heart of a trauma-informed classroom—a space where students learn, heal, and grow. Let’s dive into how you can create such a sanctuary, starting with practical tips on classroom layout, sensory considerations, and fostering a sense of safety and predictability.

Classroom Layout: A Space for Every Emotion

Think of your classroom layout as a roadmap to emotional safety. Every inch of your space can either invite calm or stir chaos. Start by creating distinct areas that serve different purposes. A cozy corner with soft pillows and dim lighting can become a retreat for students who need a break from the hustle and bustle—a place to self-regulate without feeling singled out. Add a few fidget tools and sensory objects for those who need a bit more to manage their emotions.

Consider arranging desks in clusters to promote collaboration, but also ensure there’s space for solo work. This arrangement offers flexibility, acknowledging that some students thrive in groups while others need solitude to focus. Don’t underestimate the power of natural light and plants, either. They’re not just for aesthetics; they help reduce stress and boost mood, making your classroom feel like a breath of fresh air—literally!

Sensory Considerations: Less is More (Except When It Isn’t)

When it comes to sensory inputs, classrooms can be a double-edged sword. Bright colors and bustling bulletin boards can be exciting but can also overwhelm students sensitive to sensory stimuli. Opt for a color palette that soothes—think soft blues, greens, and neutral tones. Consider using sound-absorbing materials like rugs or curtains to muffle the often chaotic classroom noise from the buzz of engaging learning taking place.

But sensory considerations aren’t just about reducing stimuli; sometimes, it’s about providing the ‘right’ kind. Incorporate sensory-friendly tools like weighted blankets, noise-canceling headphones, or stress balls. Have a variety of options available so students can choose what works best for them as they continue to learn more about their own sensory needs. These minor adjustments can make a world of difference for a student trying to navigate both the lesson and their sensory world.

Safety and Predictability: The Pillars of Trust

Predictability isn’t just a preference in a trauma-informed classroom—it’s a lifeline. For students who have experienced trauma or toxic stress, unpredictability can trigger anxiety, making it difficult for them to focus on learning as their minds are consumed with the wonderings of ‘what ifs’ that could happen. Remember, stressed brains can’t learn! Establishing routines and clear expectations helps create a sense of safety. A visual schedule that outlines the day’s activities can be a game-changer for these students. They’ll know what’s coming next, and that little bit of knowledge can be incredibly reassuring while simultaneously developing a strong sense of independence and autonomy.

Consistency in your responses is equally important. Students should know what to expect from you, whether they’re having a great day or a challenging one. When they trust that you’ll be fair and steady, even when things get tough, they’ll feel safe enough to take risks and make mistakes—a crucial part of learning. Co-creating agreed-upon classroom norms and implementing them with fidelity is a proactive, universal support for all students!

Ready-to-Use Ideas for the First Day of School: Simple, Affordable, and Effective

Starting the school year with a trauma-informed mindset doesn’t have to be costly or time-consuming. Here are some easy-to-implement ideas that will set the tone for a safe and supportive learning environment from day one:

These small, affordable steps can make a big difference in how your classroom feels from the first day. They’re simple to implement but incredibly powerful in creating a trauma-informed environment where all students feel safe, supported, and ready to learn.

Create a Welcome Board: Set up a simple bulletin board at the entrance of your classroom with a “Welcome” message and space for students to add their names or a small picture of something they love. This immediately tells students that they belong in this space.

Personalize Desk Tags: Instead of pre-made name tags, provide materials for students to decorate their own. Let them choose colors, add drawings, or write a word that describes them. This simple activity gives students a sense of ownership over their space.

Establish a Calm Down Corner: Designate a small area of your classroom as a “Calm Down Corner.” Stock it with soft pillows, a few sensory toys like stress balls, and a visual aid with calming techniques. You can easily create this space using items from a dollar store or even things you already have at home.

Daily Check-In Station: Set up a check-in station where students can indicate how they feel as they enter the classroom. Use something as simple as colored sticky notes or an emoji chart. This will give you a quick snapshot of your students’ emotional states and help them feel acknowledged.

Classroom Agreement Poster: On the first day, collaborate with your students to create a classroom agreement. Instead of a list of rules, ask them what they need to feel safe and supported. Write down their ideas on a large poster and have everyone sign it. This empowers students to take part in creating a positive classroom culture.

Sensory-Friendly Classroom Decorations: Use soft colors and limit clutter to keep decorations simple and sensory-friendly. If you’re on a budget, you can create calming wall displays using materials like construction paper or fabric remnants. Consider making a “quiet wall” with little to no decoration to give students a visual break.

Routine Reminders: On the first day, introduce simple visual cues that remind students of the classroom routine. Use hand signals, visual schedules, or chimes to signal transitions. These cues can be made with items like a bell or printed cards—affordable but powerful tools for creating predictability.

Introduce a Class Plant: Bring a tiny plant into the classroom and introduce it as the “class plant” everyone will take care of. This is an inexpensive way to add some green to your space and foster a sense of community and shared responsibility.

Gratitude Jar: Start a classroom gratitude jar. Provide slips of paper where students can write something they’re thankful for each day. At the end of the week, take a moment to read a few aloud. This simple practice encourages positivity and reflection, setting a warm tone for the year.

Mindful Moment to Start the Day: Begin each day with a short, guided, mindful moment. Start with a deep breathing exercise or a brief stretch. These exercises require no materials and just a few minutes of your time, and they set a calm, focused tone for the rest of the day.

Universal Support for All Students: Resilience at the Core

Here’s the beauty of a trauma-informed approach: it benefits every student, not just those who’ve experienced trauma. By designing a classroom that prioritizes emotional safety, you’re fostering resilience in all your students. You’re teaching them that it’s okay to ask for help, to take breaks, and to care for themselves and others.

As you transform your classroom, remember this: you’re not just rearranging desks and picking out paint colors. You’re building a community—a place where students feel safe enough to be themselves and brave enough to learn. And that, dear educators, is the true magic of teaching. So, roll up your sleeves, grab that staple gun, and turn your classroom into the safe haven every student deserves. Your students are ready to thrive; they just need the right environment to bloom. And who better to create it than you?

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How can you Create a Trauma-Informed Resilient Classroom or School?

Step 1:  Focus on Student Resilience

What is student resilience?

Student Resilience is the ability to achieve positive outcomes—mentally, emotionally, socially, and spiritually despite adversity.

To focus on student resilience, start by creating a set core of values and beliefs about the children you serve.  The Circle of Courage is a model of positive youth development based on the universal principle to be emotionally healthy, all youth need a sense of belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity.

Circle of Courage


What does this look like in a school?

Belonging at school is when every student believes they are valued, seen, heard, and cared for.

Mastery at school is when every student believes they can achieve despite their challenges.

Independence at school is when every student believes they have the power to make decisions that will impact their own lives.

Generosity at school is when every student believes they have a purpose for their lives that can positively contribute to the world.

Click here for a resilience activity to help connect more with your students.

Looking to learn more about how to do this in your classroom or across your building for all students? Reach out to Starr Commonwealth today for a personalized consultation about our training and consulting services to help ensure every child learns in an environment where they can flourish!